China's unstoppable rise in science and technology

In an era marked by rapid technological advancements and fierce global competition, China has emerged as a formidable leader in science and technology (S&T). Recent moves by the United States to restrict high-tech investment in China not only risk stunting U.S. growth but also highlight a fundamental misunderstanding of the realities of today's global S&T landscape. Rather than being coerced or contained, China has established a robust foundation in S&T that positions it at the forefront of innovation.

China's achievements in S&T are evident in various metrics, particularly research publications and patent filings. According to the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), China has consistently led the world in patent applications. In 2019, China overtook the U.S. as the top source of international patent applications filed with the WIPO and has since stayed at the top, demonstrating China's unwavering commitment to innovation and intellectual property development.

Moreover, China's research output has also skyrocketed. According to the Nature Index, which tracks high-quality research articles, China surpassed the U.S. in the number of scientific publications in prestigious journals as early as 2016. This trend has continued to grow, with Chinese researchers contributing a significant share of the most-cited papers in fields such as materials science, chemistry, and engineering. This strong research performance is underpinned by substantial investments in education and infrastructure, with China producing about 4 million engineering graduates each year—far exceeding the output of the U.S.

The U.S. decision to impose investment restrictions on Chinese sectors like semiconductors, artificial intelligence, and quantum technology is counterproductive. Such actions ignore the reality that China has developed an impressive S&T base, characterized by world-class research institutions, a highly skilled workforce, and substantial funding. The Chinese government has poured billions into advancing technologies that are crucial for the future, creating an environment where innovation can thrive.

For instance, in the field of artificial intelligence, China is leading the charge with initiatives that prioritize research and development. Reports from the McKinsey Global Institute indicate that by 2030, AI could contribute $7 trillion to China's economy, making it a significant player on the global stage. This potential is fueled by a vast domestic market and a strong emphasis on R&D, which together create a fertile ground for technological breakthroughs.

Efforts to contain or isolate China technologically will ultimately fail. The entrepreneurial spirit and innovative capabilities that have propelled China's ascent are deeply embedded in its society and economy. The reality is that China has surpassed a stage where it can be easily influenced by external pressures. Attempts to restrict access to advanced technologies will only hinder global collaboration and economic growth.

The U.S. should reconsider its approach and recognize that the path to prosperity lies in cooperation rather than confrontation. Engaging with China as a partner in innovation can lead to mutually beneficial outcomes. Collaborative efforts in research, technology transfer, and shared goals in areas like climate change and public health can create a win-win scenario for both nations and beyond.

Summary

China has firmly established itself as a global leader in science and technology. It is imperative that the narrative surrounding its rise shifts from one of competition to one of collaboration. The rapid advancements China has made in various fields—ranging from artificial intelligence and biotechnology to renewable energy—highlight not only its capabilities but also the potential for meaningful partnerships with other nations.

Recognizing China's strengths is crucial for fostering a cooperative framework that can effectively tackle pressing global challenges, such as climate change, public health crises, and food security. In a world that is increasingly interconnected, collaboration will be key to harnessing innovation and addressing issues that transcend national borders. By working together, countries can leverage their unique strengths and resources, ultimately leading to sustainable growth and shared prosperity.

The future of innovation is not about erecting barriers or drawing lines in the sand; it is about building bridges that connect diverse talents, perspectives, and ideas. Embracing a spirit of collaboration will not only enhance technological advancements but also enrich cultural exchanges, fostering mutual understanding and respect among nations.

As we move forward, it is essential to cultivate environments that encourage dialogue and cooperation rather than division. By doing so, we can create a more inclusive and prosperous future—one where the combined efforts of all nations lead to breakthroughs that benefit humanity as a whole. Embracing collaboration over competition will pave the way for a brighter tomorrow, where innovation thrives in an atmosphere of trust and partnership.

Zamir Ahmed Awan is a non-resident fellow at the Center for China and Globalization (CCG) and a sinologist at the National University of Sciences and Technology in Pakistan. Email: awanzamir@yahoo.com.

The opinions expressed in this article reflect those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of People's Daily Online.