Su Song: Awe-inspiring Scientist in Ancient China

About 1,000 years ago, a hydro-mechanical astronomical clock tower was built in central China during the Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127), creating a number of world-firsts. The biggest contributor to the nearly 12-meter high tower was Su Song, polymathic scientist and statesman.

Known as China's Leonardo da Vinci, Su Song left a lasting legacy for future generations in domains such as astronomy, mathematics, pharmacology, engineering, art, poetry and statesmanship.

A mechanical marvel

The giant clock tower used water power to drive its complex gears, precisely tracking not only the time but also the phases of the moon, star positions, and other celestial movements. It was not only an impressive timepiece, but also an astronomical observatory unprecedented in its era.

At the core of Su's design was an innovative escapement mechanism, which regulated the release of energy for precise and consistent operation. This mechanism was a precursor to the anchor escapement found in European clocks six centuries later.

Although the original clock was lost, Su's detailed documentation enabled modern scholars and engineers to recreate it. Today, replicas can be found in museums worldwide, with one of the most impressive full-scale reproductions located in Xiamen's Su Song Park.

Here, visitors can explore replicas of Su's inventions, including his Armillary Sphere, a celestial globe mapping over 1,400 stars, which surpassed the European star maps produced three centuries later.

Su's achievements gained recognition around the world. Joseph Needham, British historian of Chinese science, conducted extensive research and analysis of his texts and feats, and called him one of the greatest scientists in ancient China as well as the Middle Ages.

Promoting Su Song culture

Coastal city Xiamen, celebrated for its scenic beauty, has embraced Su Song's legacy, turning it into a cultural treasure. His achievements are preserved and celebrated at venues like the Su Song Park and the Su Song Memorial Hall in Tong'an district, which have become vital educational resources to learn about Su's life and contributions.

To promote Su Song's achievements and spirit, the 13th Xiamen Su Song Cultural Festival kicked off in Tong'an on December 10, attracting participants from around the world.

Su's influence is deeply integrated into the fabric of modern Xiamen, with local landmarks bearing his name, daily reminders of his work. Tong'an has leveraged his legacy to promote high-quality development, with the Xiamen Science City Core Area becoming a hub of technological innovation.

Linking ancient achievements with modern aspirations fosters a culture of creativity and scientific inquiry. By doing so, the district has cultivated a thriving ecosystem for innovation, ensuring that Su Song's spirit continues to inspire new generations of scientists and innovators.

Source: Science and Technology Daily